→Spell levels
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'''Spells''' are magical effects that are created by creatures via '''spellcasting'''.{{note|The term ''spellcasting'' refers {{em|both}} to the act of casting spells, as well as the Spellcasting class feature. The latter is always capitalised, whereas the former is generally not.}} Spells are frequently cast to deal [[Damage mechanics|damage]] and provide [[healing]], or to inflict [[condition|conditions]] on the targets. | '''Spells''' are magical effects that are created by creatures via '''spellcasting'''.{{note|The term ''spellcasting'' refers {{em|both}} to the act of casting spells, as well as the Spellcasting class feature. The latter is always capitalised, whereas the former is generally not.}} Spells are frequently cast to deal [[Damage mechanics|damage]] and provide [[healing]], or to inflict [[condition|conditions]] on the targets. | ||
All [[Class|classes]] are capable of casting spells with the help of [[Scrolls|scrolls]] and [[Equipment|magic items]], and classes with the Spellcasting or Pact Magic features – called ''spellcasters'' – have spell slots they can expend to cast spells they know, without the need for scrolls. | All [[Class|classes]] are capable of casting spells with the help of [[Scrolls|scrolls]] and [[Equipment|magic items]], and classes with the Spellcasting or Pact Magic features – called ''spellcasters'' – have spell slots they can expend to cast spells they know, without the need for scrolls. | ||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Spells are created from the Weave, the magical energies of the multiverse. They are conjured through experience, knowledge or innate ability, or via the use of scrolls and magical items. | {{Spells}} | ||
Spells are created from the Weave, the magical energies of the multiverse. They are conjured through experience, knowledge, or innate ability, or via the use of scrolls and magical items. | |||
=== Spell levels === | === Spell levels === | ||
All spells have a level – a measure of | All spells have a level – a measure of its power and difficulty to cast. To cast a spell, the caster must usually expend a [[Spells#Spell slots|spell slot]] of sufficient level. Spells cast from scrolls {{em|do not}} consume spell slots when cast, nor do most spells granted by magic items. | ||
Level 0 spells are called ''cantrips'', and can always be cast at will, without expending a spell slot. | Level 0 spells are called ''cantrips'', and can always be cast at will, without expending a spell slot. | ||
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Spells learned from taking levels in a class will use that class' spellcasting ability modifier. Spells from other sources use the spellcasting ability of the class the creature most recently took a {{em|first}} level in.{{note|A level 5 wizard that takes 1 level in sorcerer will use Charisma as their spellcasting ability for non-wizard spells, even if they later take more levels in wizard. However, if they take a level in cleric, they will use Wisdom as their spellcasting ability modifier instead, as this is their most recently acquired class.}}{{note|Fighters and rogues will only provide their spellcasting ability if they are level 3 and have the appropriate subclass ([[Eldritch Knight]] and [[Arcane Trickster]] respectively).}} | Spells learned from taking levels in a class will use that class' spellcasting ability modifier. Spells learned from scrolls count as Wizard spells (since learning from scrolls is a Wizard feature) and thus use Intelligence.{{verify}} Spells from other sources use the spellcasting ability of the class the creature most recently took a {{em|first}} level in.{{note|A level 5 wizard that takes 1 level in sorcerer will use Charisma as their spellcasting ability for non-wizard spells, even if they later take more levels in wizard. However, if they take a level in cleric, they will use Wisdom as their spellcasting ability modifier instead, as this is their most recently acquired class.}}{{note|Fighters and rogues will only provide their spellcasting ability if they are level 3 and have the appropriate subclass ([[Eldritch Knight]] and [[Arcane Trickster]] respectively).}} | ||
== Spell properties == | == Spell properties == | ||
Each spell belongs to a school which defines its general purpose, and all spells have a range at which they can be cast, and a specified target or [[Area|area of effect]]. A spell | Each spell belongs to a school which defines its general purpose, and all spells have a range at which they can be cast, and a specified target or [[Area|area of effect]]. A spell may have an instantaneous effect when cast (for example a magical attack), or a spell may have an effect which persists for a specified ''duration'' (measured in ''turns''). | ||
Most spells can be interrupted by {{SAI|Counterspell}} before they are cast, and spells | Most spells can be interrupted by {{SAI|Counterspell}} before they are cast, and most spells cannot be cast by {{Cond|Silenced}} creatures. | ||
=== Schools of magic === | === Schools of magic === | ||
{{ | {{confused with|Wizard|custom=the Wizard School class feature.}} | ||
Every spell belongs to one of eight | Every spell belongs to one of eight schools of magic: [[abjuration]], [[conjuration]], [[divination]], [[enchantment (school)|enchantment]], [[evocation]], [[illusion]], [[necromancy]], or [[transmutation]]. Some class features only benefit spells of a specific school. | ||
=== Casting time === | === Casting time === | ||
All spells have a casting time that determines whether it requires the caster to take an {{r|action}}, a {{r|bonus}}, or a {{r|reaction}}. Most spells require the caster to take an action. | |||
=== Spell saves === | === Spell saves === | ||
Harmful spells which target an area or a specific | Harmful spells which {{em|don't}} require an attack roll, such spells that target an area or a specific point in space – or that affect a target directly – often allow targeted creatures to attempt a [[saving throw|save]] against the spell, potentially ignoring or reducing the spell's effect. | ||
The [[Difficulty Class]] (DC) of these saves – called ''spell save DC'' – is generally based on the caster's spellcasting DC: | The [[Difficulty Class]] (DC) of these saves – called the ''spell save DC'' – is generally based on the caster's spellcasting DC: | ||
<div style="text-align: center; font-weight:bold;">{{InfoBlob|8 + proficiency bonus + spellcasting ability modifier}}</div> | <div style="text-align: center; font-weight:bold;"> {{InfoBlob|8 + proficiency bonus + spellcasting ability modifier}}</div> | ||
; Examples of spells that require saves: | |||
* {{SAI|Grease|h=20px}} | |||
* {{SAI|Fireball|h=20px}} | |||
* {{SAI|Hold Person|h=20px}} | |||
Certain [[List of Equipment that Affect Spell DC|equipment]] worn by the caster can also affect their Spell DCs. | |||
=== Spell attack rolls === | === Spell attack rolls === | ||
Some harmful spells require the caster to make an [[ | Some harmful spells – typically those cast in the form of rays or as projectiles – require the caster to make an [[Attacks|attack roll]] against the target's [[Armour Class|AC]] in order to determine if their spell attack is a hit or a miss. | ||
The caster adds their spellcasting ability modifier, as well as their proficiency bonus, to the results of the attack roll: | The caster adds their spellcasting ability modifier, as well as their proficiency bonus, to the results of the attack roll: | ||
<div style="text-align: center; font-weight:bold;">{{InfoBlob|{{D20}} + proficiency bonus + spellcasting ability modifier}}</div> | <div style="text-align: center; font-weight:bold;">{{InfoBlob|{{D20}} + proficiency bonus + spellcasting ability modifier}}</div> | ||
; Examples of spells that require spell attacks: | |||
* {{SAI|Ray of Enfeeblement|h=20px}} | |||
* {{SAI|Fire Bolt|h=20px}} | |||
* {{SAI|Eldritch Blast|h=20px}} | |||
=== Concentration === | === Concentration === | ||
{{hatnote|Main article: [[Concentration]]}} | {{hatnote|Main article: [[Concentration]]}} | ||
[[File: | Most spells with a duration require [[File:Concentration_Icons.png|20px]] Concentration to maintain them. A caster may only maintain the effect of one concentration spell at a time. If concentration on a spell is broken, the spell's effects are ended immediately. | ||
==== Ending concentration ==== | ==== Ending concentration ==== | ||
[[File:Concentration_Example.webp|thumb|upright|right|Concentration icon in the hotbar. Clicking "X" will end concentration.]] | |||
Although concentration normally lasts for a spell's full duration, or until another concentration spell is cast, there are multiple ways for concentration to break: | Although concentration normally lasts for a spell's full duration, or until another concentration spell is cast, there are multiple ways for concentration to break: | ||
; Manually : Concentration can be ended by the player at any time via the “X” on the current concentration spell's icon, displayed next to the caster's main portrait. | ; Manually : Concentration can be ended by the player at any time via the “X” on the current concentration spell's icon, displayed next to the caster's main portrait. | ||
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; Conditions : Some conditions – such as {{Cond|Downed}} or {{Cond|Sleeping}} – also end concentration, without allowing a save. | ; Conditions : Some conditions – such as {{Cond|Downed}} or {{Cond|Sleeping}} – also end concentration, without allowing a save. | ||
; Long rests : Taking a [[Resting|long rest]] ends concentration. | ; Long rests : Taking a [[Resting|long rest]] ends concentration. | ||
; Dismissing companion : Sending a companion to camp or otherwise removing them from the active party ends their concentration. | |||
== Spellcasters == | == Spellcasters == | ||
Spellcasters can either be ''full casters'' – meaning they can learn up to 6th level spells, ''half casters'' – meaning they can learn up to 3rd level spells, or ''one-third casters'' – meaning they can learn up to 2nd level spells. | Spellcasters can either be ''full casters'' – meaning they can learn up to 6th level spells, ''half casters'' – meaning they can learn up to 3rd level spells, or ''one-third casters'' – meaning they can learn up to 2nd level spells. Non spellcasters do not gain or add spell slots. | ||
Full casters: | Full casters: | ||
* | * [[Bard]] | ||
* | * [[Cleric]] | ||
* | * [[Druid]] | ||
* | * [[Sorcerer]] | ||
* | * [[Warlock]]{{note|Warlocks have the Pact Magic feature, which functions similarly to Spellcasting.}} | ||
* | * [[Wizard]] | ||
Half casters: | Half casters: | ||
* | * [[Paladin]] | ||
* | * [[Ranger]] | ||
One-third casters: | One-third casters: | ||
* | * [[Arcane Trickster]], [[rogue]] subclass | ||
* | * [[Eldritch Knight]], [[fighter]] subclass | ||
Non spellcasters: | |||
* [[Monk]] including subclasses | |||
* [[Barbarian]] including subclasses | |||
* [[Rogue]] (other than [[Arcane Trickster]]) | |||
* [[Fighter]] (other than [[Eldritch Knight]]) | |||
=== Known spells === | === Known spells === | ||
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The following classes must learn spells through leveling up: | The following classes must learn spells through leveling up: | ||
* | * [[Arcane Trickster]] | ||
* | * [[Bard]] | ||
* | * [[Eldritch Knight]] | ||
* | * [[Ranger]] | ||
* | * [[Sorcerer]] | ||
* | * [[Wizard]] | ||
* | * [[Warlock]] | ||
These classes, with the exception of wizard, also have access to the Replacement Spell feature, which allows them to swap a known spell each time a new level is taken in them. Wizards can instead learn new spells from scrolls, without needing to give up an already known spell. | |||
The following classes automatically learn all their available spells when a level is taken in them: | The following classes automatically learn all their available spells when a level is taken in them: | ||
* | * [[Cleric]] | ||
* | * [[Druid]] | ||
* | * [[Paladin]] | ||
=== Prepared spells === | === Prepared spells === | ||
[[File:Prepared Spells Icon.webp|24px]] | [[File:Prepared Spells Icon.webp|24px]] | ||
Some casters – known as ''prepared spellcasters'' to set them apart from ''spontaneous spellcasters'' – | Some casters – known as ''prepared spellcasters'' to set them apart from ''spontaneous spellcasters'' – must ''prepare'' a smaller selection of their known spells to cast them. Spells can be prepared at any time except during combat. | ||
Prepared spellcasters include: | Prepared spellcasters include: | ||
* | * [[Cleric]] | ||
* | * [[Druid]] | ||
* | * [[Paladin]] | ||
* | * [[Wizard]] | ||
The number of prepared spells each class can have at a time is equal to {{InfoBlob|spellcasting ability modifier + class level | The number of prepared spells each class can have at a time is equal to {{InfoBlob|spellcasting ability modifier + class level}} (minimum of 1). | ||
Additionally, spells granted by [[Race|racial features]] or by certain class features (such as by [[Cleric|cleric Domains]]) are considered ''inherent'' and are always prepared. | Additionally, spells granted by [[Race|racial features]] or by certain class features (such as by [[Cleric|cleric Domains]]) are considered ''inherent'' and are always prepared. | ||
Some spells with ongoing effects that do not require concentration, like {{SAI|Speak with Animals}} or {{SAI|Aid}}, must remain in the caster's prepared spells list after being cast, or their effects will end. | |||
=== Spell slots === | === Spell slots === | ||
All spellcasters have spell slots, which they expend to cast their known spells. Cantrips {{SpellSlot|cantrip|w=24}} do not expend spell slots and can be cast at will. Depleted spell slots are generally replenished by taking a [[ | All spellcasters have spell slots, which they expend to cast their known spells. Cantrips {{SpellSlot|cantrip|w=24}} do not expend spell slots and can be cast at will. Depleted spell slots are generally replenished by taking a [[Long Rest]] ([[Short Rest]] for Warlocks), though there are methods of [[List of sources of additional resources#Spell slots|creating additional slots, or replenishing expended ones]]. | ||
A spell of a given level requires a spell slot of the same level or higher to be expended to cast it. Many spells will be {{Icon|Upcast Icon.png|24px}} [[Upcasting|upcast]] when cast with a higher spell slot, making them more powerful. Even if it gains no other benefit, a spell always counts as a spell of the level of the slot used to cast it. | A spell of a given level requires a spell slot of the same level or higher to be expended to cast it. Many spells will be {{Icon|Upcast Icon.png|24px}} [[Upcasting|upcast]] when cast with a higher spell slot, making them more powerful. Even if it gains no other benefit, a spell always counts as a spell of the level of the slot used to cast it. | ||
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==== Spellcasting ==== | ==== Spellcasting ==== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left: 12px;" | {| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left: 12px;" | ||
|+Spell Slots per Spell Level | |||
! ESL | |||
|{{Icon|Ico knownSpells lvl 01.png|18px}} | |{{Icon|Ico knownSpells lvl 01.png|18px}} | ||
|{{Icon|Ico knownSpells lvl 02.png|18px}} | |{{Icon|Ico knownSpells lvl 02.png|18px}} | ||
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Spell slots gained from Pact Magic are calculated differently than those gained from Spellcasting. As such, levels taken in warlock are ignored when calculating ESL. | Spell slots gained from Pact Magic are calculated differently than those gained from Spellcasting. As such, levels taken in warlock are ignored when calculating ESL. | ||
==== | ==== Other uses of spell slots ==== | ||
Some Wizard subclass features (such as [[Arcane Ward]] and [[Grim Harvest]]) and the Paladin's [[Divine Smite]] ability have varying effects depending on level of the spell or spell slot used to power them. | |||
=== Ritual spells === | === Ritual spells === | ||
When a {{Icon| | When a {{Icon|Ritual Spell Icon.png|24px}} ritual spell is cast outside of combat/turn-based mode, it does not consume spell slots and is effectively free to cast. Ritual spells consume spell slots as normal in combat/turn-based mode. | ||
{{div col | style = column-width: 18em; list-style-type: none;}} | {{div col | style = column-width: 18em; list-style-type: none;}} | ||
* {{SAI|Detect Thoughts| | * {{SAI|Detect Thoughts|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Disguise Self| | * {{SAI|Disguise Self|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Enhance Leap| | * {{SAI|Enhance Leap|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Feather Fall| | * {{SAI|Feather Fall|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Find Familiar| | * {{SAI|Find Familiar|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Longstrider| | * {{SAI|Longstrider|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Silence| | * {{SAI|Silence|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Speak with Animals| | * {{SAI|Speak with Animals|h=20}} | ||
* {{SAI|Speak with Dead| | * {{SAI|Speak with Dead|h=20}} | ||
{{div col end}} | {{div col end}} | ||
=== | === Scrolls === | ||
Spells can be cast from scrolls that are bought, found or looted. Spells cast from scrolls cannot be [[Upcasting|upcast]] (cast with a higher level spell slot for additional benefits e.g. to affect more targets) or benefit from [[metamagic]]. Scrolls cannot be created (scribed from a wizard's spellbook). Wizards can learn spells from scrolls (scribe the spell from a scroll into their spellbook). See [[Wizard|Wizard/Spell scribing]]. | |||
== | == See also == | ||
* [[List of all spells]] | * [[List of all spells]] | ||
* [[D&D 5e Spell Changes]] | * [[D&D 5e Spell Changes]] | ||
* [[Unimplemented spells]] | * [[Unimplemented spells]] | ||
== Footnotes == | == Footnotes == | ||
{{notelist}} | {{notelist}} | ||
== | == External links == | ||
{{ | {{FRWiki|Spell|long}} | ||
{{NavGameplay}} | {{NavGameplay}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Spellcasting]] | ||